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PVU, RVU and VPC

How Hardware Refreshes Change Your PVU Requirement

IBM Audit Journal · PVU, RVU and VPC Metrics · May 2026

A server refresh can quietly raise or lower your PVU liability even when nothing about the software changes. Newer processors carry different PVU per core ratings, higher core counts change full-capacity exposure, and a refresh done without updating ILMT is a classic source of audit surprises.

PVU follows the processor, not the software

When you replace hardware, the PVU per core rating can change, because IBM rates processors by brand, model and generation. A newer chip may carry a different rating, and a denser one packs more cores per socket, which raises the full-capacity figure even at the same or a lower per core rate.

The three ways a refresh moves your number

The ILMT blind spot

If ILMT is not updated to reflect the new hardware promptly, its reports either miss the new host or misclassify it. Both create exposure. An uncounted host looks like undeclared deployment to an auditor, while a miscounted one inflates the PVU total you appear to owe.

A refresh checklist

Why this surfaces in audits

Auditors routinely compare your hardware inventory against the ILMT history. A refresh that left a gap, a new host that appeared late, or caps that were never reapplied all stand out clearly, and each is straightforward for IBM to convert into a full-capacity charge for the period it was unaccounted for.

What this means under audit

A hardware refresh is a PVU event, not just an infrastructure event. If the new processors carry a different rating or more cores and ILMT does not capture the change inside the reporting window, the auditor can charge the higher full-capacity figure for the gap. Recompute and instrument the new hardware before the old gear leaves the floor.

Related reading.

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Independent. Not affiliated with IBM Corporation.Buyer Side · Est. 2019